Insights from New Research into Autism
A new report from the Center for Disease Control shows the incidence of autism in American children has dramatically increased over the last decade. A debate is raging over why. Some experts say better detection is the reason. Others say it reflects the broadening definition of autism. At the same time, medical breakthroughs have given doctors and researchers hope that they may soon be better able to identify what causes autism -- and how to treat it. What new research means for our understanding of autism.
Guests
director of the National Institute of Mental Health/NIH
national correspondent with the New York Times, she has written extensively on autism
parent of a child with autism
director, Center for Autism Spectrum Disorders,Children's National Medical Center

Comments
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I was wondering if there were any research into how the high-functioning do as they age. My concern is selfish: with increased tiredness, and with cumulative frustration in dealing with the standard-issue human, I find it harder and harder to maintain even the semblance of the mask of normalcy that has allowed me to be employed and to walk the streets relatively unmolested.
There are days when it is all I can do not to tell the absolute truth in all situations and to keep my ticks under control, to accept the mess of irrational and inscrutable social games and sensory overload that has been made of the world; it is exhausting (though not as bad as stoop-labour) and the more I am fatigued, the harder it gets....
One of my concerns is that bunching of vaccines may have a role in the increasing number. The AAP (American Academy of Pediatricians) and the insurance industry are very adamant not to agree on the fact - at least to see if the bunching of vaccines has any effect on kids.
Are there geographical differences seen in the prevalence of autism?
My son was diagnosed with ADHD when he was 7. On the advice of his Pediatrician and Pyschologist, we put him on medicine for a year, which he hated and told us didn't help at all. At age 9 we had evaluated more extensively with a different Psychologist and she found he did worse on attention and behavior tasks on medicine than he did when off. As a result, she strongly recommended we take him off the meds, which we did and he is much happier, as are we. He still has all the textbook behaviors of an ADHD kid- high energy, low attention, poor social skills, poor executive functioning skills, but my point is to also listen to your own child and not be too quick to jump to a diagnosis without a second opinion.
I've recently heard about research that indicates that there may be a correlation between maternal/gestational obesity and/or diabetes because these conditions can cause fetal hypoxia (lack of oxygen). Though I was not obese or diabetic during either of my 2 pregnancies, I did suffer from severe sleep apnea which, I later learned, would send my blood oxygen below 80 from time to time. Both my children are diagnosed with autism. My daughter has Aspergers and my son has high functioning Autism. I'm wondering if my oxygen deprivation during "sleep"* could have caused hypoxia my children which may have precipitated their autism.
* 41 sleep disruptions per hour and no REM - though these results from a sleep study were gathered just 2 years ago (5 years after my second pregnancy) I was aware of waking gasping for air during my second pregnancy.
Yes, autism has been consistently shown to be clustered in high socioeconomic areas.
Autism "farming?"
No one giving reasons for increased incidence seems to mention the 2007 amendments to US Public Law 94-142 (Special Education Act) which made autism a federally reimbursable category of educational diagnosis. And, gee whiz, diagnoses just mushroomed thereafter! For example, from California state educational stats, 98% of new special ed placements from 2000 on have been for autistic spectrum disorders (no I did not believe the number either at first ... but checked several sources. Would your panelists care to comment on the contribution of financial incentives?
Tom T, yes there are geographical differences. Alabama has increased but the rate there is 1 in 210. Utah otoh has a rate of 1 in 47 kids.
My nephew has austism. He was not diagnosed until 4 years old, and I am wondering for a child with severe autism who is diagnosed later in childhood, if there are special protocols to help.
I am also curious as to whether there is any investigation as to whether all the toxins we are allowing in our enviroment are causing the increase in autism, allergies, bipolar, etc. We know asthma is linked to air pollution, so it seems other pollutants could be causing additional problems.
It seems obvious Gerald that labeling as autistic is a powerful marketing and extraction device in such a mercenary culture as ours. While environmental poisoning may mean more defective neurology researchers refuse to address this. They prefer to remedy the results because of profitability. I assume that humankind has always, though, produced a variety of perceptual types with different assortments of ability and that we now stigmatize those who are not a good candidate for formulaic predation. I've got a little cousin who plays saxaphone with the high school band. He is in the 6th grade and is no achiever, but because his parents are high earning professionals he receives every possible remedy and accolade. You could educate several dozen poor kids to be successes with what is wasted on his blunted potential to be "normal." Stiggy, as I call him, might have made a good itinerant musician or a farm hand decades ago, but now baking a twinkie requires an advanced degree.
Do you see what I see Gerald? I love my little cousin more than the other relatives because he is distinctive. I know how Rick feels about Bella.
Just because we know there are other illnesses that have been on the increase, such as Type II Diabetes in children & asthma it doesn't mean that part of the increase in autism diagnosis is due to increased and improved diagnosis not just an increase in the children with autism/autism spectrum disorders.
Apparently, as another commenter pointed out, there may also be financial incentives.
Incorrect. The vaccine issue is not closed. And the issue was not ONLY the thimerasol in vaccines. Of course, that made it worse. The issue is that all children are different with different toxic tipping points. Not all kids can handle 36 vaccines in the first 2 years of life. Is that really so shocking??? Why can't professionals ackowledge that it is the vaccines - there are tooo many, tooooo soon.
It seems that sometimes there is a reversal of abilities, such as in language. So it appears something biological is going on. Is anyone looking at/imaging the brains of kids in general in order to pinpoint what the biological mechanism is? (Or monitoring other biological factors?)
My son appears to be one of those kids that are "growing out of it". Do you see problems later on in life? Do they develop other issues? My son's teacher is now more concerned about possible ADHD instead of autism.
For those who have children with Autism or other neurological disorders, I would recommend researching and looking into Brain Balance Centers. We have seen progress with our own son and know of many other families who have experienced great results. YMMV but it is worth looking into at least.
My daughter did not have an autistic spectrum disorder, but did have another genetic linked disease not really recognized. I struggled with the insurance system for years with getting appropriate care for her because it didn't fit into either the physical or DSM criteria. It was only because I am very familiar with how insurance works that I was able to get much of the care she needed covered. The rest was covered by me out of what should have been my retirement funds.
Narrow definitions allow the insurance companies to deny coverage. I feel strongly that the entire autism spectrum disorders should be covered by the definitions so appropriate care will be covered.
No one is mentioning the huge cocktail of immunizations given to the developing neurological system of a baby starting as a newborn. Why so many at one time? Some infants have died because of this . It seems to be for the convenience and/or profits of the pharmaceutical companies and medical profession.
Dr. and Mrs. Basil Considine ,Jr.
Bloomfield Hills, MI
Autism was added as a special education category under IDEA in 1990, not 2007. The cost of an appropriate and effective education for most students with autism far exceeds what the federal government allocates for special education for each student.
What is the occurrence in breast-fed babies?
In bottle-fed babies where the milk is warmed in microwaves?
In babies who consumed breast milk heated in microwaves?
The amount of microwave heated food consumed by a pregnant woman who then had a child with autism?
Is there a greater prevalence in "inner city" children, who may be breast-fed less, and/or whose parents do not own microwaves?
I recently read the book "The curious incident of the dog in the night-time" and found it both very fascinating and illuminating as it was written from the perspective of a very high-functioning young boy, chronicling what he was thinking and how he accommodated his needs and dealt with various challenging situations. Does your panel think this book is an accurate representation of a child somewhere on the spectrum? I was struck by the many similarities between this child and how I think, and conclude that perhaps we aren't so different after all.
It needs to be clarified that these updated CDC numbers are for people born prior to 2000. These numbers are from a phone survey of I believe 9 states and a small population in 2008. So please clarify that these numbers are only for those in population aged 12 or older. We should also question why the CDC takes 4 years to report these numbers.
If Autism is happening from birth and being more prevelant than in years past, what about looking into the diet & health of the mother as a possible concern. From the health of her body through adequate protein, good fats, veggies and fruit instead of so many poor dietary choices that a lot of women eat even before they get pregnant. There are so many issues that affect the child in the womb through the mother like smoking, drugs, drinking alcohol, etc. but I don't think doctors express the importance of cleaning up a diet even if a women does not do those harsh things, the diet can be just as harsh either through the bad choices or simple neglect of good choices like omega fats, vitamins & minerals and not just through a supplement pill.
We have five children, one of which has been diagnosed as autistic. The chief difference we had in the pregnancy and birth for the autistic child was that during her pregnancy my wife had placenta previa, and had to be in bed. Then during delivery she was placed on pitosin, which was eventually cranked up to the max without a doctor present. Finally an emergency C-section was required.
To what extent has any possible connection between the increased usage pitosin to accelerate delivery and autism been studied?
Where is the discussion of those with classical autism?
Seems like this discussion is only on high functioning autism.
It would also be a better discussion of these costs on the family and school systems. I think they are now just starting to discuss what happens to the adults once they turn 22 and are aged out of services and there is an extreme shortage of group homes.
WMartin, see the recent study on obesity in mothers as a risk factor for autism: http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/04/10/us-obesity-autism-idUSBRE83900...
The clarification is also not being discussed that there has NOT been a placebo vs vaccine study done independently of the Big Pharmaceutical companies own studies. There also has not been a large study of children who are vaccinated vs unvaccinated such as the amish community. There is not a separation of Pharmaceutical companies and CDC/FDA members, many of whom have financial ties to the makers of the vaccines, to represent an unbiased safe guard panel.
This study was done on less than 1000 participants in the Los Angeles area, who were required to phone in results. Not much merit can be taken from it. More likely the link is the increase of obesity in america.
We have a highly functioning son who has autism, ADHD, PDD, and mild mental retardation. My son is 13 years old. My son is struggling in Jr High because he doesn't understand the basics in any of his classes. His class material is way over his head. The school told us "this is the curriculm the school has to follow." Basically, the school is setting up our son for failure. Our son has had awful behavior at school. He has had detentions, in school suspensions, and now a court date this month with a fine of $350.00. He has a class ratio of 1:25 and this is not working for him. He has tutoring every morning and after school when he remembers. I have told his teachers "not to send any homework home for him because he just doesn't get it and as parents we don't get it." Our son is on a lot of medicine, goes to a Child Neurologist and we are looking into counseling. We have had extensive counseling before but we have recently moved and need to research a counselor. There are too many distractions in my son's classes and he isn't learning anything. We are frustrated because Jr High is not working for my son at all.
One of the guests on the show stated that thimerosal has been removed from all vaccines - and this is NOT correct. Most multiple-dose vaccine vials STILL contain thimerosal - such as your drug store flu shot, shingles vaccine, etc. I urge you to look - with your OWN EYES - at the actual vaccine vial - to make sure it does NOT contain thimerosal.
While there has not been a firm determination as to whether thimerosal (mercury) CAUSES autism, I would avoid it. Not only is there still a strong suspicion that thimerosal may cause autism, it may also cause other conditions such as Alzheimer's, disease, etc. Mercury is a very potent neurotoxin, and should not be injected into humans in ANY case.
Use your OWN eyes, and ask the right questions!
It also was not clarified that the reported whooping cough outbreak that 92% of those affected were vaccinated.